Рассмотрены энергетические соотношения в системе тягового электроснабжения (СТЭ) переменного тока с включением в нее силового многофункционального вольтодобавочного трансформатора (МФ ВДТ), компенсационная обмотка которого подключена к компенсирующей установке. Учтено, что ток электровоза и напряжение на его токоприемнике носят несинусоидальный характер. Анализ электромагнитных процессов выполнен при различных значениях емкости компенсирующей установки (УППРК), равных 1, 038, 1,75 и 1,94 мФ, что соответствует изменению реактивной мощности от 2,5 до 5 МВАр. Показана целесообразность выбора и регулирования компенсирующей установки, подключенной к компенсационной обмотке МФ ВДТ, исходя из минимума обменной энергии, определяемой наличием в СТЭ емкостных и индуктивных накопителей энергии. Установлено, что при работе электровоза ВЛ-80р необходимая величина емкости определенной по критерию минимума обменной энергии на 0,2 - 0,3 мФ меньше емкости, рассчитанной согласно действующим нормативным документам.
Continuous growth of freight traffic, an increase in the share of heavy and connected trains, the commissioning of powerful electric locomotives on the main railways requires the implementation of measures to strengthen and improving efficiency of the traction energy system (TES).The analysis of the possibilities of traditional means of increasing the voltage in the traction network with increased traction loads showed that there is a need to create a new, additional means of amplifying the TES, which would have no less potential to increase the voltage in the traction network than the capacitive compensation equipment, but would have a more significant reliability and better performance.This means can be a booster transformer designed to increase the voltage at one of the phases of the traction substation [1, 2].The energy relationships in the traction energy system (TES) of alternating current are considered with the inclusion of a power multifunctional booster transformer (MF BT), the compensating winding of which is connected to the compensating unit. It is taken into account that the electric locomotive current and voltage on the susceptor are not sinusoidal in nature. The analysis of electromagnetic processes is carried out at different values of the capacitance of the compensating device (UPPRK), equal to 1, 038 mF; 1.75 mF and 1.94 mF, which corresponds to a change in reactive power from 2.5 to 5 MVAr.The article shows the expediency of selection and the adjustment of compensating unit connected to the compensating winding of the MF BT, proceeding from the minimum of the exchange energy determined by the presence in the TES of capacitive and inductive energy storage devices. It is established that when a VL-80r electric locomotive operates, the required capacity, determined by the minimum exchange energy criterion, is 0.2 - 0.3 mF less than the capacity calculated according to the current regulatory documents.The investigation includes the analysis of simulation results of instantaneous currents and voltages in the traction energy system when the locomotive is operated in traction mode when there is a power booster transformer in the TES, the compensation winding of which is connected to the compensating unit. The article shows the possibility of selecting parameters of the balancing unit connected to the compensating winding of the MF BT, based on the minimum exchange energy that occurs in circuits with non-sinusoidal sources and consumers of electricity.The efficiency of using the criterion characterizing the energy exchange was confirmed at choosing parameters of the compensating installation of the compensating winding of the MF BT at its location on the traction substation.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.