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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnikvniizht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Научно-исследовательского института железнодорожного транспорта (ВЕСТНИК ВНИИЖТ)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9731</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2560</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Joint Stock Company "Railway Research Institute"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21780/2223-9731-2019-78-2-67-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnikvniizht-292</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Другое</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Miscellaneous</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт обеспечения прочности несущих конструкций локомотивов и моторвагонного подвижного состава</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experience in ensuring the strength of the supporting structures of locomotives and electric multiple units</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочергин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>KOCHERGIN</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>КОЧЕРГИН Виктор Васильевич, канд. техн. наук, заведующий комплексным отделением «Транспортная механика»</p><p>Москва, 129626</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor V. KOCHERGIN, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Complex Department “Transport mechanics”</p><p>Moscow, 129626</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буханцев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>BUKHANTSEV</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>БУХАНЦЕВ Андрей Александрович, канд. техн. наук, заведующий лабораторией «Экспериментальные исследования динамики и прочности экипажей тягового подвижного состава», комплексное отделение «Транспортная механика»</p><p>Москва, 129626</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Laboratory “Experimental studies of the dynamics and strength of the carriages of the rolling stock”, Complex Department “Transport mechanics”</p><p>Moscow, 129626</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкратова</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>PANKRATOVA</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ПАНКРАТОВА Ирина Герасимовна, ведущий инженер, отдел «Центр испытаний и сертификации», отделение «Испытательный центр железнодорожной техники»</p><p>Москва, 129626</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina G. PANKRATOVA, Leading Engineer, Department “Center for Testing and Certification”, Department “Testing Center of Railway Engineering”</p><p>Moscow, 129626</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русанов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>RUSANOV</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>РУСАНОВ Олег Александрович, д-р техн. наук, профессор, кафедра «Динамика, прочность машин и сопротивление материалов»; главный научный сотрудник, лаборатория «Теоретические исследования и математическое обеспечение испытаний», комплексное отделение «Транспортная механика»,</p><p>Москва, 129626; Москва, 107023</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. RUSANOV, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Department “Dynamics, durability of machines and resistance of  materials”; Chief Researcher, Laboratory “Theoretical studies and mathematical support of tests”, Complex Department “Transport mechanics”</p><p>Moscow, 129626; Moscow, 107023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">newmalina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Акционерное общество «Научно-исследовательский институт железнодорожного транспорта» (АО «ВНИИЖТ»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Joint Stock Company “Railway Research Institute” (JSC “VNIIZhT”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Акционерное общество «Научно-исследовательский институт железнодорожного транспорта» (АО «ВНИИЖТ»); Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский политехнический университет» (ФГБОУ ВО «Московский политех»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Joint Stock Company “Railway Research Institute” (JSC “VNIIZhT”); Federal State Budgetary Establishment of Higher Education “Moscow Polytechnic University” (FGBOU VO “Moscow Polytech”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>78</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кочергин В.В., Буханцев А.А., Панкратова И.Г., Русанов О.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кочергин В.В., Буханцев А.А., Панкратова И.Г., Русанов О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">KOCHERGIN V.V., BUKHANTSEV A.A., PANKRATOVA I.G., RUSANOV O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-vniizht.ru/jour/article/view/292">https://www.journal-vniizht.ru/jour/article/view/292</self-uri><abstract><p>Изложены основные положения методики, применяемой на железных дорогах Российской Федерации и странах СНГ для контроля требований к прочности несущих конструкций локомотивов и моторвагонного подвижного состава и допуска данных типов подвижного состава к эксплуатации. Для обеспечения характеристик сопротивления усталости несущих элементов тягового подвижного состава реализован подход, не допускающий при штатной эксплуатации появления в конструкции циклических напряжений с амплитудами, превышающими предел выносливости. В статье изложены требования к прочности для данных типов подвижного состава, перечислены показатели прочности, указаны методы их определения, описаны динамико-прочностные испытания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To ensure fatigue strength of metal structures in mechanical engineering, various approaches are practiced. One of them allows for the appearance of cyclic stresses in details with amplitudes exceeding the fatigue limit. Typically, this approach is justified where the loads are fairly regular and ample opportunities for fatigue testing exists, but the requirement of a minimum metal consumption is critically important as well. Another approach to ensuring fatigue strength does not allow the possibility of cyclic stresses with amplitudes exceeding its endurance limit in the designed structure. With regard to the supporting elements of locomotives and electric multiple units (EMU) to ensure the fatigue resistance characteristics in Russia and the CIS countries, the second of these approaches has been implemented and successfully practiced for many years. Its purpose is to ensure the absence of fatigue damage in the parts of the carriage and the body during the designated service life. Relevant requirements for strength and dynamic qualities for these types of rolling stock, as well as the method of conducting dynamic strength tests are currently formalized in the standards. The article presents the main provisions of the methodology currently used on the railways of the Russian Federation and CIS countries to control the strength requirements of load-bearing structures of locomotives and EMUs, as well as the admission of these types of rolling stock to operation. Types of dynamic strength tests are described, strength indicators are listed, methods for their determination are indicated. Today, this technique successfully solves the problem of the strength of load-bearing structures of traction rolling stock.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>локомотив</kwd><kwd>моторвагонный подвижной состав</kwd><kwd>кузов</kwd><kwd>рама тележки</kwd><kwd>прочность</kwd><kwd>динамико-прочностные испытания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>locomotive</kwd><kwd>EMU</kwd><kwd>body</kwd><kwd>bogie frame</kwd><kwd>strength</kwd><kwd>dynamic strength tests</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГОСТ 33796–2016. Моторвагонный подвижной состав. Требования к прочности и динамическим качествам. М.: Стандартинформ, 2016. 36 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GOST 33796–2016. Motorized rolling stock. Requirements for strength and dynamic qualities. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2016, 36 p. 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