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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnikvniizht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Научно-исследовательского института железнодорожного транспорта (ВЕСТНИК ВНИИЖТ)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9731</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2560</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Joint Stock Company "Railway Research Institute"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21780/2223-9731-2023-82-2-99-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">https://elibrary.ru/mpvfgh</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnikvniizht-670</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Технические средства железнодорожного транспорта</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNICAL MEANS OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Виртуальный стенд для определения тепловых характеристик вакуумных теплоизоляционных панелей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Virtual test bench for the determination of the thermal properties of vacuum insulation panels</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0839-6858</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балалаев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balalaev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балалаев Анатолий Николаевич - доктор технических наук, профессор, кафедра вагонов.</p><p>443066, Самара, ул. Свободы, 2В</p><p>Author ID: 267860</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly N. Balalaev - Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Wagons, Samara State Transport University.</p><p>443066, Samara, 2v, Freedom St.</p><p>Author ID: 267860</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wagon.samgaps@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9965-1310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паренюк</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parenyuk</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паренюк Мария Анатольевна - кандидат технических наук, доцент, кафедра вагонов.</p><p>443066, Самара, ул. Свободы, 2В</p><p>Author ID: 404616</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Parenyuk - Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Department of Wagons, Samara State Transport University.</p><p>443066, Samara, 2v, Freedom St.</p><p>Author ID: 404616</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mashus@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный университет путей сообщения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Transport University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>82</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балалаев А.Н., Паренюк М.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балалаев А.Н., Паренюк М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balalaev A.N., Parenyuk M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-vniizht.ru/jour/article/view/670">https://www.journal-vniizht.ru/jour/article/view/670</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Представлены результаты экспериментального исследования теплоизоляционных характеристик вакуумных панелей с использованием цифровой копии стенда. Объектом исследования является вакуумная теплоизоляционная панель, образованная в виде герметичного корпуса в форме параллелепипеда с ребрами жесткости внутри. При пониженном давлении воздуха внутри корпуса удельное тепловое сопротивление таких вакуумных теплоизоляционных панелей становится больше удельного теплового сопротивления современных теплоизоляционных материалов. При использовании таких панелей в качестве теплоизоляции наземных транспортных средств, в частности пассажирских и рефрижераторных железнодорожных вагонов, можно достичь значительного снижения затрат энергии на отопление или кондиционирование внутреннего помещения. Экспериментальное определение тепловых характеристик вакуумных теплоизоляционных панелей из-за их существенной неоднородности сопряжено со значительными затратами времени и использованием дорогостоящего оборудования. Цель исследования заключается в разработке способа определения теплового сопротивления теплоизоляционных материалов с внутренней неоднородностью за минимальное время с приемлемой точностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Методы исследования сочетают физический эксперимент над тремя опытными образцами вакуумной теплоизоляции и численный эксперимент над 3D-моgелями этих образцов. В частности, для тарировки экспериментального стенда использовался его цифровой аналог — виртуальный стенд, выполненный в виде 3D-модели в программе SolidWorks.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исследование нестационарного теплового процесса на модели стенда в SolidWorks Simulation по-зволило сократить время физического эксперимента до 40 мин и установить значения эффективного коэффициента теплопроводности трех опытных образцов вакуумных теплоизоляционных панелей.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Исследование стационарного теплового процесса 3D-моделей опытных образцов вакуумных теплоизоляционных панелей в программе SolidWorks Simulation показало, что расхождение между опытными и расчетными значениями эффективного коэффициента теплопроводности составляет менее 5 %. Предлагаемый метод определения эффективного коэффициента теплопроводности материалов может использоваться при входном и выходном контроле теплоизоляции пассажирского вагона во время капитального ремонта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The authors present the results of an experimental study of the thermal insulation properties of vacuum panels using a digital copy of the test bench. The subject of the study is a vacuum insulation panel in the form of a sealed parallelepiped with internal stiffeners. When the air pressure inside the body is reduced, the specific thermal resistance of such vacuum insulation panels becomes higher than that of modern insulation materials. The use of such panels as thermal insulation for land means of transport, particularly passenger carriages and refrigerator wagons, significantly reduces energy costs for heating or air conditioning the interior. Experimental determination of the thermal properties of vacuum insulation panels is time consuming and requires expensive equipment due to their considerable heterogeneity. The aim of the study is to develop a method for determining the thermal resistance of insulating materials with internal heterogeneity in the shortest possible time with acceptable accuracy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The research methods combine physical experiments on three vacuum insulation panel prototypes and numerical experiments on 3D models of these samples. Specifically, the test stand was calibrated using its digital counterpart — a virtual test bench created as a 3D model using SolidWorks software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study of the transient thermal process on the stand model in SolidWorks Simulation allowed us to reduce the time of the physical experiment to 40 minutes and to determine the values of the effective thermal conductivity coefficient of the three vacuum insulation panel prototypes.</p><p>Discussion and conclusion. The study of the steady-state thermal process of 3D models of vacuum insulation panel prototypes in SolidWorks Simulation showed that the discrepancy between the experimental and calculated values of the effective thermal conductivity coefficient is less than 5%. The proposed method for determining the effective thermal conductivity coefficient of materials is suitable for use in the incoming and outgoing inspection of car insulation during overhaul.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пассажирские вагоны</kwd><kwd>изотермические вагоны</kwd><kwd>вакуумные теплоизоляционные панели</kwd><kwd>коэффициент теплопроводности</kwd><kwd>виртуальный стенд</kwd><kwd>нестационарный тепловой процесс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>passenger carriage</kwd><kwd>refrigerator vans</kwd><kwd>vacuum insulation panels</kwd><kwd>thermal conductivity coefficient</kwd><kwd>virtual test bench</kwd><kwd>transient thermal process</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГОСТ 34681-2020. Вагоны пассажирские локомотивной тяги. Общие технические требования: дата введения 2021-03-01. 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