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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnikvniizht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Научно-исследовательского института железнодорожного транспорта (ВЕСТНИК ВНИИЖТ)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-9731</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2560</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Joint Stock Company "Railway Research Institute"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">tyufkh</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnikvniizht-858</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Технические средства железнодорожного транспорта</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNICAL MEANS OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние направления воздушного потока на аэродинамические силы, действующие на транспортное средство</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Airflow direction influence on aerodynamic forces acting on a vehicle</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8550-1725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шимановский</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shimanovsky</surname><given-names>А. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Олегович Шимановский, д-р. техн. наук, проф., заведующий кафедрой «Техническая физика и теоретическая механика»</p><p>Author ID: 481473</p><p>246653, г. Гомель, ул. Кирова, д. 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аlexandr O. Shimanovsky, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Head of Technical Physics and Theoretical Mechanics Department</p><p>Author ID: 481473</p><p>246653, Gomel, Kirova St., 34</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7063-4183</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демьянчук</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzemyanchuk</surname><given-names>V. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Владимировна Демьянчук, аспирант кафедры «Техническая физика и теоретическая механика»</p><p>Author ID: 1169204</p><p>246653, г. Гомель, ул. Кирова, д. 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volha U. Dzemyanchuk, Postgraduate Student of Technical Physics and Theoretical Mechanics Department</p><p>Author ID: 1169204</p><p>246653, Gomel, Kirova St., 34</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.demyanchuk.98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный университет транспорта (БелГУТ)<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Belarusian State University of Transport<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>84</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шимановский А.О., Демьянчук О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шимановский А.О., Демьянчук О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shimanovsky А.O., Dzemyanchuk V.U.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-vniizht.ru/jour/article/view/858">https://www.journal-vniizht.ru/jour/article/view/858</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Рассматривается обтекание железнодорожного вагона воздушным потоком при разных направлениях его скорости. Основной целью исследования является установление значений продольных и поперечных сил, действующих на вагон, для всего возможного диапазона изменения угла атаки воздушного потока.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Моделирование аэродинамики воздушного потока выполнено в программном комплексе ANSYS CFX, предназначенном для решения задач методом конечных объемов. В процессе расчета осуществлялось численное решение осредненных по Рейнольдсу уравнений Навье–Стокса, для замыкания которых использована k–ε модель турбулентности.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Для разных значений угла атаки воздушного потока получены зависимости распределения скоростей потока и давлений на лобовую и боковые поверхности транспортного средства, а также значения продольной и поперечной сил, действующих на вагон со стороны ветра. Показано, что значение угла атаки воздушного потока оказывает существенное влияние на положения линий тока и значения коэффициента аэродинамического сопротивления вагона. В ходе расчетов установлено, что действующая на рассматриваемое транспортное средство продольная сила максимальна при значениях угла атаки воздушного потока от 10 до 30°. Наибольшие поперечные силы реализуются при углах атаки от 45 до 90°.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Разработанная методика компьютерного моделирования обтекания вагона потоком воздуха может быть применена для анализа аэродинамических сил, действующих на иные транспортные средства. Полученные в ходе расчетов результаты могут быть использованы при цифровизации производственных процессов эксплуатации железнодорожного подвижного состава.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The paper considers the airflow around a railway car at different directions of its speed. The main purpose of the study is to determine the values of the longitudinal and transverse forces acting on the car for the entire possible range of changes in the angle of attack of the airflow.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The simulation of airflow aerodynamics is performed in the ANSYS CFX software package, designed to perform tasks using the finite volume method. During the calculation, the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations were numerically solved, and for their closure was used the k–ε turbulence model.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The authors obtained dependences of the distribution of flow velocities and pressures on the frontal and lateral surfaces of the vehicle, as well as the values of the longitudinal and transverse forces acting on the car from the wind for different values of the angle of attack of the airf low. It is shown that the value of the angle of attack of the airflow has a significant effect on the positions of the current lines and the values of aerodynamic resistance coefficient of the car. During the calculations, it was found that the longitudinal force acting on the vehicle under consideration is maximum at the values of the angle of attack of the airflow from 10 to 30°. The greatest transverse forces are realised at angles of attack from 45 to 90°.</p><p>Discussion and conclusion. The developed method of computer simulation of streamline by airflow may be used to analyse the aerodynamic forces acting on other vehicles. The obtained results during calculations could be used in the digitalisation of production processes for the operation of railway rolling stock.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>железнодорожный вагон</kwd><kwd>обтекание потоком воздуха</kwd><kwd>компьютерное моделирование</kwd><kwd>аэродинамика</kwd><kwd>аэродинамический коэффициент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>railway car</kwd><kwd>streamline by airflow</kwd><kwd>computer simulation</kwd><kwd>aerodynamics</kwd><kwd>aerodynamic coefficient</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Государственной программы научных исследований Республики Беларусь «Механика, металлургия, диагностика в машиностроении» (задание 1.08).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krajnović S., Davidson L. 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