Selection of special vehicle for transportation of perishable freights by rail

Delivery of perishable freights in proper quality essentially depends on the correct choice of a special vehicle and the correct calculation of the delivery time. According to the requirements of the Rules for the transportation of perishable freights by rail, all special vehicles by January 1, 2022 must obtain certificates of compliance with the standards established by the Agreement on the International Transportation of Perishable Foodstuffs and on special vehicles intended for these transports. This requirement applies to special vehicles used both in international traffic and for transport of perishable freights within the country. The article presents a brief classification of special vehicles used for the transportation of perishable freights. Formulas are given that allow calculating duration of transportation of such freights and average temperature of the outside air along the entire route. Procedure for choosing a special vehicle for the already known duration of freight transportation has been developed. It is concluded that the procedure proposed by the authors allows choosing the optimal special vehicle for the transportation of perishable freights. Using this sequence of calculations makes it possible to take into account the maximum number of external factors that affect the duration of transportation.

1. Rules for transportation of perishable freights by railways. Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, March 4, 2019. URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/553937031 (retrieved on 25.07.2020) (in Russ.).

2. Agreement on the international transport of perishable foodstuffs and on special vehicles intended for this transportation (ATP). UN. New York; Geneva, 2015. URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/902076335 (retrieved on 25.07.2020) (in Russ.).

3. GOST 33661–2015. Protecting constructions of the railway rolling stock premises. Test methods for determining the thermal technical indicators. URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200130100 (retrieved on 25.07.2020) (in Russ.).

4. Teymurazov N.S., Naumenko S.N. Accelerated methods for assessing the heat transfer coefficient of bodies of isothermal vehicles. Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute, 2009, no. 5, pp. 18–21.

5. Golubin A.A., Nabatchikova T.I., Naumenko S.N. Automated analysis technology for the transport superstructure heat transfer coefficient using a remote server. Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute, 2019, Vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 227–232. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2019-78-4-227-232.

6. Davydov D.O. Calculation method for the overall heat-transfer coefficient of a technical transport superstructure for perishables in traffic. Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute, 2019, Vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 249–256. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2019-78-4-249-256.

7. Davydov D.O. Testing procedure for determining isothermal properties of the freight car body intended for the transport of perishable freights in the absence of specialized climate chamber. Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute, 2020, Vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 171–179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2020-79-3-171-179.

8. Typical methodology for setting temperature regimes and deadlines for the transport of new types of perishable freights by the Russian Railways in insulated vehicles, except for isothermal tanks and tank containers, under special conditions. Approved by the Vice President of the Russian Railways dated December 4, 2012 No. 355 (in Russ.).

9. Nabatchikova T.I., Naumenko S.N., Gusev G.B. On the influence of external factors on the heat transfer coefficient of the body of a specialized vehicle for the transportation of perishable freight. Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute, 2020, Vol. 79, no. 2, pp. 88–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2020-79-2-88-92.

10. Bartosh E.T. Energy of isothermal rolling stock. Moscow, Transport Publ., 1976, 304 p.